The choice of motor is an essential component of the user experience of an electric bike. Indeed, the motor plays a crucial role in the overall performance of the bike , influencing speed, power, assistance feel and battery life. It is therefore essential to learn about the different options available on the market in order to find the one that best suits your needs and preferences. Among the most popular and innovative motors currently available are brands such as Bosch, Shimano, Bafang, etc. These renowned brands offer high-quality motors, providing smooth and efficient pedaling assistance.
The 4 main types of electric bicycle motors
There are different types of motors, depending on their position on the bike in particular. Each type offers advantages and disadvantages which we will present to you.
Pedal motor
One type of motor often cited is the pedal motor. This motor, also known as the mid motor, is positioned at the bottom bracket. It thus reproduces the natural pedaling movement of the legs through the bicycle transmission. This motor stands out for its ability to avoid any resistance when pedaling without using the battery. Thus, the bicycle functions identically to a traditional bicycle.
Benefits :
- This type of engine is very suitable for tackling hills
- Some motors are integrated almost invisibly into the frame, which is attractive to aesthetically conscious riders.
- It is located in the center of the bike, which provides better weight distribution.
Disadvantages:
- This type of powerful engine can quickly become quite noisy due to its multiple interactions with the transmissions.
- An engine that is more difficult to install and repair, requiring a specifically designed frame to accommodate it, which can limit customization options and increase maintenance and purchasing costs.
- This type of engine is among the heaviest
Front wheel motor
Bicycles with a motor in the front wheel, also called a hub motor, are generally designed for traveling short distances and on flat terrain. They are among the most widespread models. These motors are also known as front hub motors. On this type of electric bike, the propulsion is forward, which can give the impression of being pulled slightly, but the weight of the motor is usually compensated by the weight (often substantial) of the battery, generally located in back.
Benefits :
- Front wheel motors are generally easier to install, as they do not require major modifications to the bike frame.
- On flat or slightly inclined surfaces, these motors provide sufficient traction for a stable ride.
- For cyclists accustomed to traditional bicycles, the driving sensation, with a front wheel motor, does not disorient those accustomed to traditional bicycles, because it does not radically change the driving dynamics.
Disadvantages:
- On slippery or uphill surfaces, traction may be compromised since the rider's weight is at the rear, reducing pressure on the front wheel.
- Front wheel motor power can sometimes feel like front-wheel drive, which can affect the handling of the bike, especially in tight corners.
- When going downhill, weight distribution can make steering less precise, requiring increased alertness on the part of the rider to maintain control.
Rear wheel motor
The rear wheel motor is a type of motor integrated directly into the rear wheel of the electric bicycle. Unlike the mid-crank motor, it does not transmit power from the motor to the wheel via the chain, but rather uses an integrated hub system that drives the rotation of the wheel. When the rider begins pedaling, a sensor detects the movement and activates the motor to provide electric assistance.
Benefits :
- Traction is improved on slippery or uphill surfaces because the rider's weight naturally rests on the rear wheel.
- Starting is immediately boosted by the rear wheel motor, as it is directly synchronized with pedaling when equipped with electric assistance. This ensures a smooth and harmonious driving experience.
- Weight distribution promotes better downhill stability and handling, providing increased control in corners and demanding situations.
- It requires and wears less parts of the transmission, chain and cassette, than a conventional bicycle, which increases its lifespan.
- This engine is more responsive because it is directly connected to the rear transmission, which may particularly appeal to fans of dynamic driving.
Disadvantages:
- The rear wheel motor adds weight to the rear of the bike, which can affect balance and handling, especially at low speeds.
- With its rear placement, this motor can create inertia when starting and a less dynamic response when pedaling. This configuration can alter the fluidity of assistance. However, some models manage to avoid this problem by integrating a torque sensor.
Energy recovery motor
Finally, motors with an energy recovery function. Combined with supercapacitors, it makes it possible to recover the kinetic energy produced during braking, descent and when the wheels rotate.
Unlike what usually happens, where this energy is dissipated in the form of heat, it is here converted into electrical energy and stored either in the bicycle battery or in supercapacitors (a more efficient storage because it avoids charge variations too abrupt on the battery).
This system thus maximizes the use of the bike's energy and extends its autonomy. It should be noted that most eBikes available on the market are not equipped with this energy recovery function. This is partly because the most common mid-mounted engines generally do not include this feature. Therefore, to benefit from energy recovery, it is necessary to opt for a bicycle equipped with a hub motor, often mounted in the rear wheel.
Benefits :
- They are ecological, thanks to their ability to recover the kinetic energy produced during braking.
- Rear motors on hybrid electric bikes offer the best energy efficiency by facilitating energy recovery, which helps optimize the use of available energy.
- This energy recovery increases battery life, especially on descents where the bike produces more energy than necessary.
Disadvantages:
- Although this rear drive offers greater load capacity, it is often too inefficient, except in the case of high-efficiency bikes equipped with supercapacitors.
The main brands of electric bike motors
There are many brands of motors in the world of cycling today, the main ones to know are the following:
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Bosch motor : Bosch is a German manufacturer recognized in the field of electric bicycles, particularly thanks to its pedal motors. Their engines are made in Hungary and have a reputation for being powerful and robust engines.
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Bafang motor : Bafang is a Chinese brand offering a wide range of motors for electric bicycles. Produced in China, Bafang motors are known for their ability to provide robust assistance, a popular choice for riders seeking superior performance.
- Shimano Motor : Shimano e-bike motors are renowned for their lightweight design, specially suited to difficult and steep terrain especially suitable for mountain bikes. The Japanese company has been able to develop its technologies to meet the demands of cyclists, dispersing its production across Asia and the United States. Shimano highlights the discretion of its electric assistance as well as the simplicity of operation of its motors.
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Anod motor : entirely made in France, they stand out from their competitors by their configuration. The brand favors installing the engine at the rear rather than in the center of the bike. This choice ensures increased lightness, better ease of maintenance but above all it allows kinetic energy to be recovered to transform it into electrical energy. This approach aligns with the announced objective of maximizing efficiency and synergy in the hybridization of different bicycle technologies.
- Virevolt engine : Another exclusively French brand. Virevolt specializes in converting classic bicycles into electric bicycles using motor kits designed for professionals and manufacturers. The brand's components and batteries are manufactured in China and around the world, then assembled locally in France.
Understanding Electric Bike Motor Power
When choosing your electric bike, it is essential to understand the distinctions between the different types of motors. In addition to the motor types detailed below, a key differentiator between brands is motor power, expressed in watts. Most electric bike motors offer a standard output of 250 watts. However, some models offer more powerful engines. But beware ! It is crucial to note that legislation in France limits the power of electric bikes to 250 watts. Any engine exceeding 500 watts classifies the vehicle as another class of moped, depriving it of the right to travel on cycle paths and requiring specific registration. This restriction does not apply to electric bicycles. So, be careful not to be misled by brands that offer super-powerful 3,000 watt motors for an electric bike.
Choice of engine according to your needs
The choice of motor for your electric bike will depend on how you plan to use it. It is essential to consider factors such as engine power, range and fuel efficiency to ensure you choose the one that will best suit your needs.
- If you plan to primarily ride around town, a mid-power motor might be enough to help you navigate busy streets with ease.
- If you plan to go off-roading, a more powerful and robust engine will be necessary to tackle rough terrain.
- For long distances, it is recommended to choose an engine with low consumption so as not to be caught off guard along the way.
High-power electric bike motors
These motors are designed to provide additional assistance to riders, especially in difficult terrain or for longer journeys. The higher power makes it easier to climb steep slopes and maintain a constant speed even in demanding conditions. The suitability of these engines will depend greatly on the type of use you anticipate. For example, if you intend to ride a mountain bike or carry heavy loads, a 3000W electric bike motor might be more suitable. On the other hand, for more urban use or shorter journeys, a 1000W electric bike motor could be more than sufficient (a limit of 250W is imposed in France).
The adaptable motor for electric bikes
Transform your traditional bike into an electric bike with the adaptable motor options available on the market. Here are the options available:
- Front or Rear Wheel Conversion Kit: These kits include an electric motor, battery, controller and pedal sensor, all installed on an existing front or rear wheel.
- Bottom Bracket Conversion Kit: These kits replace your bike's bottom bracket and cranks with a set that includes an electric motor, pedaling sensor and battery.
- Front or rear wheel hub motor: These motors are integrated into the hub of the front or rear wheel of the bicycle, providing electrical assistance directly to the wheel.
E-bike motor price comparison
It is essential to carefully compare the different options available and take the time to think before making a purchase.
Front or Rear Wheel Motor
If you're on a budget and want an entry-level solution to electrifying your bike, a front or rear wheel conversion kit may be a good choice. Front or rear wheel conversion kits can cost between $200 and $800 depending on the brand, engine power and features included.
Crank Motor
If you're looking for better weight distribution and a more natural riding feel, a bottom bracket conversion kit may be an interesting option. Bottom bracket conversion kits can cost between $400 and $1500 depending on the brand, motor power and features included.
The driving force behind the Anod Inovation product and efficiency
Anod opted for positioning the motor in the rear wheel for its Anod Hybrid model, a decision motivated by the ease of installing the energy recovery system in this location. Anod's MHR1 engine stands out for its quietness and power, but what makes it truly unique is its regenerative engine technology. This innovation converts kinetic energy into electricity, stored and redistributed in the bike by supercapacitors to support the battery.
The advantage of combining battery and regenerative motor and supercapacitors is the possibility of benefiting from electrical assistance even if the battery is flat. With a torque of 60 Nm (equivalent to 110 Nm for a pedal motor), it offers performance adapted to steep slopes and improved responsiveness when pedaling.
This hybrid model has benefited from 7 years of research to offer a powerful, efficient and minimally restrictive product. Even in the event of a breakdown, maintenance is simplified thanks to the easy replacement of the rear wheel. By choosing the Anod engine, you have access to advanced technology guaranteeing optimal performance, increased reliability and remarkable durability. Book a trial now to experience this technology for yourself.
Conclusion
Each motor has its own characteristics and performance, so choosing the most suitable one for your electric bike is essential to optimize your riding experience. An engine adapted to your needs will give you a more pleasant and efficient driving experience. Take the time to compare the different options available on the market and do not hesitate to come and test the Anod engine via a reserved test to see if it meets your needs and expectations. But we advise you to form your own opinion: book a test drive of the Anod Hybrid.
